Personalised Resistance Training Consortium

From variability to precision in resistance training

An international research collaboration building the conceptual, methodological, and analytical foundations for personalised resistance training prescription practice — starting from a simple but overlooked idea: what is written on a training plan and what the body actually receives are not the same thing.

Framework

A prescription is not a dose

Two people being prescribed the same sets, reps, and load intensity scheme can experience a very different internal training stimulus. Resistance training research has long treated the numbers on a training plan as if they were the biological dose itself. We start from a different premise, borrowed from medicine and epidemiology: what is prescribed, what is actually performed, and the internal stimulus that drives adaptation are distinct steps in a causal chain — and each needs to be defined, measured, and studied on its own terms.

1 · Treatment

What is prescribed

The programme as written: sets, load, rest, tempo, and technique targets.

2 · Exposure

What is performed

The training actually completed on the day, including everything that deviates from the plan.

3 · Dose

What the body receives

The internal mechanical, metabolic, and perceptual stimulus this creates — not directly observable, but inferable from proxies such as impulse.

4 · Response

What follows

The acute and chronic adaptation that results, in both direction and magnitude.

Treatment-exposure-dose-response relationship framework: treatment shapes exposure, which determines dose, which produces response, all shaped by individual and contextual factors.
Fig. 1 — The treatment–exposure–dose–response framework. Source: Dello Iacono, Jukic & Swinton (2026).

What we work on

Four connected lines of work

Our work follows the treatment–exposure–dose–response pathway from conceptualisation through to practice.

A

Conceptual foundations

Clarifying what “dose” means in resistance training, and identifying valid proxies for a stimulus we cannot measure directly at the muscle level.

B

Trial design

Implementing appropriate study designs to investigate causal links along the treatment–exposure–dose–response pathway.

C

Analytical methods

Leveraging applied statistics to separate real, stable within&ndash and between&ndashindividual delivered doses and responses from ordinary day-to-day noise and measurement error.

D

Autoregulation paradigm

Testing whether dynamically adjusting training to an individual’s current state — rather than to a fixed target — delivers a more consistent stimulus over time.

Who we are

Members

Meet the people leading and contributing to the Consortium’s work. Select a name to read their profile.

Antonio Dello Iacono University of the West of Scotland · Founding member
Antonio Dello Iacono headshot placeholder

[Edit: add a two-to-three sentence bio here — research focus, relevant background, and current role within the Consortium.]

Ivan Jukic Abertay University · Founding member
Ivan Jukic headshot placeholder

[Edit: add a two-to-three sentence bio here — research focus, relevant background, and current role within the Consortium.]

Paul Swinton Robert Gordon University · Founding member
Paul Swinton headshot placeholder

[Edit: add a two-to-three sentence bio here — research focus, relevant background, and current role within the Consortium.]

[Edit: new member name] [Edit: institution · role]

[Edit: add a two-to-three sentence bio here. Copy this whole <details> block again for each additional member.]

How collaboration works

Project-led, open to contributors

Membership does not confer authorship — authorship on any output reflects meaningful contribution to that piece of work.

1

Propose

A member proposes a focused methodological or applied question in personalised resistance training.

2

Share

The Consortium helps identify collaborators with the relevant design, measurement, or analytical expertise.

3

Deliver

The working group conducts the study and disseminates the findings openly with the field. We are committed to open-science practice

Foundational work

Where the framework comes from

From Variability to Precision: A Conceptual Framework, Methodological Considerations and Analytical Approaches in Personalised Resistance Training Prescription

Antonio Dello Iacono, Ivan Jukic, Paul Swinton

Method article · Preprint · Research Square · 2026

This paper sets out the treatment–exposure–dose–response framework, maps the sources of variability in delivered training dose, and shows why replicate crossover designs and variance-decomposition modelling are needed to support genuine personalisation. It forms the conceptual basis for the Consortium’s work.

Learning & outreach

Education

Opportunities to learn about and engage with personalised resistance training, for researchers, students, and practitioners alike.

1

Online workshops

[Edit: add details of upcoming or recorded workshops here.]

Details coming soon
2

Podcast episodes

[Edit: add details of podcast appearances or episodes here.]

Details coming soon
3

Presentations & talks

[Edit: add details of invited talks or seminars here.]

Details coming soon
4

Conferences

[Edit: add details of conference appearances or symposia here.]

Details coming soon

Join us

Get involved

We welcome researchers, students, and practitioners with an interest in resistance training methodology, measurement, or statistics — whichever part of the puzzle you work on. Tell us briefly about your background and what you’d like to contribute.

Email the Consortium
  • Propose a projectBring a focused methodological or applied question you would like to lead.
  • Contribute expertiseOffer skills in trial design, measurement, statistics, or applied coaching to a developing project.
  • Stay in the loopAsk to be added to our mailing list for updates on new projects and outputs.